Severity of traumatic adrenal injury does not meaningfully affect clinical outcomes

Authors

Jonathan Nguyen, MSM Department of Surgery, Morehouse School of Medicine, 80 Jesse Hill Jr St SE, Suite 2c, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA. jnguyen@msm.edu.
Ndidi Ude, MSM Department of Surgery, Morehouse School of Medicine, 80 Jesse Hill Jr St SE, Suite 2c, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
Nickolas Holloway, MSM Department of Surgery, Morehouse School of Medicine, 80 Jesse Hill Jr St SE, Suite 2c, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
Yasmin Tootla, Advocate Aurora HealthFollow
Krystal Archer-Arroyo, Emory University School of Medicine, 69 Jesse Hill Jr Dr SE, Suite 3c, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
Joseph Novack, Emory University School of Medicine, 69 Jesse Hill Jr Dr SE, Suite 3c, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
James Tran, MSM Department of Surgery, Morehouse School of Medicine, 80 Jesse Hill Jr St SE, Suite 2c, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
Andrew Isaacson, Wayne State University, 4201 St Antoine, 4S-13, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
Mack Drake, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1201 E. Marshall St, Suite 4-100, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
Randi N. Smith, Emory University School of Medicine, 69 Jesse Hill Jr Dr SE, Suite 3c, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
Jason Sciarretta, Emory University School of Medicine, 69 Jesse Hill Jr Dr SE, Suite 3c, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
Kahdi Udobi, MSM Department of Surgery, Morehouse School of Medicine, 80 Jesse Hill Jr St SE, Suite 2c, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
Richard Sola, MSM Department of Surgery, Morehouse School of Medicine, 80 Jesse Hill Jr St SE, Suite 2c, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
Kenisha Williams, Emory University School of Medicine, 69 Jesse Hill Jr Dr SE, Suite 3c, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
Caroline Butler, MSM Department of Surgery, Morehouse School of Medicine, 80 Jesse Hill Jr St SE, Suite 2c, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.Follow
April A. Grant, Emory University School of Medicine, 69 Jesse Hill Jr Dr SE, Suite 3c, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
Bryan C. Morse, Maine Medical Center, 22 Bramhall St, Portland, ME, 04102, USA.
Keith D. Herr, Emory University School of Medicine, 69 Jesse Hill Jr Dr SE, Suite 3c, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.

Abstract

*Erratum to this work available at:
https://institutionalrepository.aah.org/allother/293/

Purpose: There are limited data comparing the severity of traumatic adrenal injury (TAI) and the need for interventions, such as transfusions, hospitalization, or incidence of adrenal insufficiency (AI) and other clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the grade of TAI and the need for subsequent intervention and clinical outcomes following the injury.

Methods: After obtaining Institutional Review Board approval, our trauma registry was queried for patients with TAI between 2009 and 2017. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) examinations of the abdomen and pelvis were evaluated by a board-certified radiologist with subspecialty expertise in abdominal and trauma imaging, and adrenal injuries were classified as either low grade (American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) grade I-III) or high grade (AAST grade IV-V). Patients without initial contrast-enhanced CT imaging and those with indeterminate imaging findings on initial CT were excluded.

Results: A total of 129 patients with 149 TAI were included. Eight-six patients demonstrated low-grade injuries and 43 high grade. Age, gender, and Injury Severity Score (ISS) were not statistically different between the groups. There was an increased number of major vascular injuries in the low-grade vs. high-grade group (23% vs. 5%, p < 0.01). No patient required transfusions or laparotomy for control of adrenal hemorrhage. There was no statistical difference in hospital length of stay (LOS), ventilator days, or mortality. Low-grade adrenal injuries were, however, associated with shorter ICU LOS (10 days vs. 16 days, p = 0.03).

Conclusion: The need for interventions and clinical outcomes between the low-grade and high-grade groups was similar. These results suggest that, regardless of the TAI grade, treatment should be based on a holistic clinical assessment and less focused on specific interventions directed at addressing the adrenal injury.

Document Type

Article

PubMed ID

35829928


 

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