Sex disparities in diagnostic evaluation and revascularization in patients with acute myocardial infarction - A 15-year nationwide study
Recommended Citation
Ashraf M, Jan MF, Bajwa TK, Carnahan R, Zlochiver V, Allaqaband SQ. Sex Disparities in Diagnostic Evaluation and Revascularization in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction-A 15-Year Nationwide Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2023;12(6):e027716. doi:10.1161/JAHA.122.027716
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although sex disparities in the diagnostic evaluation and revascularization of patients with acute myocardial infarction are well documented, no study has evaluated longitudinal trends in these disparities.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Using the National Inpatient Sample from 2005 to 2019, 9 259 932 patients with acute myocardial infarction were identified. We divided 15 years into five 3-year periods. The primary objective was to evaluate sex-based trends in the use of diagnostic angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention, and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction and ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) over 15 years. The secondary objective was to evaluate sex disparities in mortality, length of stay, and cost. For non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, we saw a small reduction in sex disparity in the use of all diagnostic angiography in period 5 versus period 1 (4% versus 5.3%; P<0.01), no change in sex disparity in percutaneous coronary intervention use in period 5 versus period 1 (5.6% versus 5%; P=0.16), and a widening sex disparity in CABG in period 5 versus period 1 (5.4% versus 4.4%; P<0.01). However, we noted decreasing sex disparities in the use of diagnostic angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention, and CABG for ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction in mostly all periods compared with period 1 (P<0.05, all comparisons), but differences still existed in period 5. Risk-adjusted in-hospital mortality was higher after CABG for non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction and after percutaneous coronary intervention and CABG for ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction in women than men.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite variable trends in sex disparities in diagnostic and revascularization procedures for acute myocardial infarction, disparities still exist.
Type
Article
PubMed ID
36926995
Affiliations
Aurora Sinai/Aurora St. Luke's Medical Centers