Patient Perspectives on the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Health Care: A Scoping Review

Authors

Sally Moy, University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaFollow
Mona Irannejad, University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaFollow
Stephanie Jeanneret Manning, University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaFollow
Mehrdad Farahani, University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaFollow
Yomna Ahmed, University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaFollow
Ellis Gao, University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaFollow
Radhika Prabhune, University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaFollow
Suzan Lorenz, University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaFollow
Raza Mirza, University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaFollow
Christopher Klinger, University of Toronto; National Initiative for the Care of the Elderly, Toronto, CanadaFollow

Publication Date

4-2-2024

Keywords

artificial intelligence; patient perspectives; scoping review

Abstract

Purpose

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is being rapidly adopted into many different branches of medicine. Although research has started to highlight the impact of AI on health care, the focus on patient perspectives of AI is scarce. This scoping review aimed to explore the literature on adult patients’ perspectives on the use of an array of AI technologies in the health care setting for design and deployment.

Methods

This scoping review followed Arksey and O'Malley’s framework and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). To evaluate patient perspectives, we conducted a comprehensive literature search using eight interdisciplinary electronic databases, including grey literature. Articles published from 2015 to 2022 that focused on patient views regarding AI technology in health care were included. Thematic analysis was performed on the extracted articles.

Results

Of the 10,571 imported studies, 37 articles were included and extracted. From the 33 peer-reviewed and 4 grey literature articles, the following themes on AI emerged: (i) Patient attitudes, (ii) Influences on patient attitudes, (iii) Considerations for design, and (iv) Considerations for use.

Conclusions

Patients are key stakeholders essential to the uptake of AI in health care. The findings indicate that patients’ needs and expectations are not fully considered in the application of AI in health care. Therefore, there is a need for patient voices in the development of AI in health care. (J Patient Cent Res Rev. 2024;11:51-62.)

Recommended Citation

Moy S, Irannejad M, Manning SJ, et al. Patient perspectives on the use of artificial intelligence in health care: a scoping review. 2024;11:51-62. doi: 10.17294/2330-0698.2029