Affiliations

Aurora St Luke’s Medical Center

Abstract

Introduction/Background:

Post-bariatric hypoglycemia is a known complication of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), often due to dumping syndrome or, rarely, noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome (NIPHS), characterized by hyperinsulinemic postprandial hypoglycemia from pancreatic β-cell hyperplasia. Eating disorders, including anorexia, are prevalent in bariatric candidates (up to 17-19% with binge eating or depression per meta-analyses). Though anorexia nervosa relapse, post-surgery is uncommon and underreported. Current guidelines (AACE/TOS/ASMBS 2020) recommend preoperative mental health evaluation but do not view eating disorders as absolute contraindications unless active and untreated.

Description:

A 37-year-old transgender woman (MtF) with prior type 2 diabetes and morbid obesity (>270 lbs) underwent RYGB with paraesophageal hernia repair in November 2023. Preoperative management focused on diabetes control. Postoperatively, she initially felt well but developed dumping symptoms and blood glucose (BG) <90 mg>/dL by late November 2023. She identified trigger foods, leading to dietary restriction, nausea, vomiting, and stress. This progressed to suspected atypical anorexia relapses, requiring behavioral health admission. Hypoglycemia persisted (<60 mg>/dL regularly on CGM: 5% time low, 1% very low; average BG 95 mg/dL). Interventions included nasogastric feeding tube, then permanent gastrostomy tube with continuous feeds (~8 hours/day) alongside limited oral intake. She achieved >100 lbs. weight loss but experienced reduced quality of life, multiple admissions, and subspecialty evaluations.

Discussion:

RYGB achieved substantial weight loss and health improvement but triggered dumping, dietary restriction, and atypical anorexia relapse, culminating in severe, persistent hypoglycemia requiring invasive support. This case highlights a rare interplay: surgical anatomy exacerbating restriction in a patient with eating disorder vulnerability, potentially compounded by emerging NIPHS (typically presenting years post-RYGB). Key take-away: Bariatric surgery can precipitate or worsen eating disorders despite preoperative screening, leading to profound quality-of-life declines and complex hypoglycemia. Clinical relevance underscores the need for vigilant postoperative monitoring of mental health and glucose in high-risk patients. Future directions include refined preoperative risk stratification for eating disorder history and multidisciplinary management protocols to prevent such outcomes.

Presentation Notes

Presented at Scientific Day; May 20, 2026; Milwaukee, WI.

Full Text of Presentation

wf_yes

Document Type

Poster


 

Open Access

Available to all.

Share

COinS
 
May 20th, 12:00 AM

A Unique Complication of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: Relapse of Atypical Anorexia Leading to Persistent Hypoglycemia in a Transgender Patient

Introduction/Background:

Post-bariatric hypoglycemia is a known complication of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), often due to dumping syndrome or, rarely, noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome (NIPHS), characterized by hyperinsulinemic postprandial hypoglycemia from pancreatic β-cell hyperplasia. Eating disorders, including anorexia, are prevalent in bariatric candidates (up to 17-19% with binge eating or depression per meta-analyses). Though anorexia nervosa relapse, post-surgery is uncommon and underreported. Current guidelines (AACE/TOS/ASMBS 2020) recommend preoperative mental health evaluation but do not view eating disorders as absolute contraindications unless active and untreated.

Description:

A 37-year-old transgender woman (MtF) with prior type 2 diabetes and morbid obesity (>270 lbs) underwent RYGB with paraesophageal hernia repair in November 2023. Preoperative management focused on diabetes control. Postoperatively, she initially felt well but developed dumping symptoms and blood glucose (BG) <90 mg>/dL by late November 2023. She identified trigger foods, leading to dietary restriction, nausea, vomiting, and stress. This progressed to suspected atypical anorexia relapses, requiring behavioral health admission. Hypoglycemia persisted (<60 mg>/dL regularly on CGM: 5% time low, 1% very low; average BG 95 mg/dL). Interventions included nasogastric feeding tube, then permanent gastrostomy tube with continuous feeds (~8 hours/day) alongside limited oral intake. She achieved >100 lbs. weight loss but experienced reduced quality of life, multiple admissions, and subspecialty evaluations.

Discussion:

RYGB achieved substantial weight loss and health improvement but triggered dumping, dietary restriction, and atypical anorexia relapse, culminating in severe, persistent hypoglycemia requiring invasive support. This case highlights a rare interplay: surgical anatomy exacerbating restriction in a patient with eating disorder vulnerability, potentially compounded by emerging NIPHS (typically presenting years post-RYGB). Key take-away: Bariatric surgery can precipitate or worsen eating disorders despite preoperative screening, leading to profound quality-of-life declines and complex hypoglycemia. Clinical relevance underscores the need for vigilant postoperative monitoring of mental health and glucose in high-risk patients. Future directions include refined preoperative risk stratification for eating disorder history and multidisciplinary management protocols to prevent such outcomes.

 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.